Brown Velvety Patch in the Groin That Glows Coral-Red

Diagnosis: Erythrasma

A 45-year-old male presents with a brown velvety patch in the groin that has persisted for several weeks. Examination reveals a well-defined, hyperpigmented lesion that fluoresces coral-red under Wood's lamp, suggestive of a superficial bacterial infection commonly seen in intertriginous areas.

Clinical Presentation

A 45-year-old male presents with a brown velvety patch in the groin, which has been present for three weeks. The patient reports mild itching but no pain. On examination, a well-defined, brownish-red patch measuring approximately 5 cm is noted in the inguinal fold. The lesion exhibits a velvety texture and fluoresces coral-red under Wood's lamp.Location: Intertriginous areas, commonly the groin, axillae, or between toes.Appearance: Brownish to reddish-brown patches with a velvety texture.Fluorescence: Coral-red under Wood's lamp examination.Itching: Mild, often absent, differentiating it from other dermatoses.Demographics: More common in individuals with obesity, diabetes, or excessive sweating.

Clinical History

The patient reports the onset of the lesion approximately three weeks prior, with no significant triggering factors identified. He has a past medical history notable for Type 2 diabetes and is obese. He has not previously sought treatment for this condition. The patient lives in a warm, humid climate, which may contribute to the development of the condition. No family history of similar skin lesions is reported.Onset: Lesion developed over three weeks.Triggers: No identifiable triggers; living in a humid environment.Past Treatments: No prior treatments attempted.Medical History: Type 2 diabetes and obesity.Social History: Lives in a warm climate, no recent travel.

Treatment

Acute / First-Line ManagementTopical antibiotics: Clindamycin 1% lotion applied twice daily for 1-2 weeks.Oral antibiotics: Doxycycline 100 mg orally twice daily for 7 days, especially in extensive cases.Hygiene measures: Keeping the affected area clean and dry to prevent recurrence.Workup and Diagnostic ConfirmationClinical examination: Detailed skin examination and assessment of other intertriginous areas.Wood's lamp examination: To confirm coral-red fluorescence characteristic of the infection.Culture: Skin scrapings can be sent for culture of Corynebacterium minutissimum if diagnosis is uncertain.Long-Term ManagementPreventive measures: Regular cleansing and drying of intertriginous areas.Weight management: Addressing obesity and diabetes to reduce recurrence risk.Follow-up: Regular follow-up to monitor for recurrence, especially in at-risk populations.

Differential Diagnosis

Intertrigo: Inflammatory condition in skin folds with red, macerated skin; usually lacks fluorescence.Tinea cruris: Fungal infection presenting with annular lesions; may have scaling and typically does not fluoresce.Psoriasis: Can present in folds; features silvery scales and chronicity distinguishes it.Contact dermatitis: Erythematous patches due to irritants or allergens; history of exposure helps differentiate.Inguinal lymphadenopathy: May present with similar skin findings; systemic symptoms and regional lymphadenopathy are key features.Seborrheic dermatitis: Presents as scaly patches, usually with greasy appearance; more chronic and often involves scalp.Cutaneous candidiasis: Yeast infection in folds with bright red appearance and satellite lesions; typically does not fluoresce.Acne inversa (hidradenitis suppurativa): Chronic inflammatory condition with painful nodules and abscesses; more extensive lesions and scarring.

Key Learnings

High-Yield PearlsFluorescence: The characteristic coral-red fluorescence under Wood's lamp is a key diagnostic feature.Intertriginous areas: Erythrasma commonly occurs in warm, moist areas such as the groin and axillae.Prevention: Maintaining dryness and hygiene in skin folds is crucial in preventing recurrence.Underlying conditions: Obesity and diabetes are significant risk factors for the development of erythrasma.First-line treatment: Topical clindamycin or oral doxycycline are effective initial therapies.In cases of brown patches in intertriginous areas, remember to consider erythrasma, especially if the lesion fluoresces coral-red under Wood's lamp.

Tags: erythrasma, Corynebacterium